道路瀝青用來(lái)鋪路的瀝青，減壓蒸餾通常可獲得性能合適的原油，減壓渣油也可通過(guò)淺層氧化或丙烷脫瀝青工藝獲得，也可通過(guò)混合具有不同延展性和滲透性的瀝青制備。

Road asphalt is used for paving roads, and vacuum distillation can usually obtain crude oil with suitable performance. Vacuum residue can also be obtained through shallow oxidation or propane deasphalting processes, or prepared by mixing asphalt with different ductility and permeability.

瀝青可分為煤焦油瀝青、石油瀝青和天然瀝青。它具有良好的耐水性、電絕緣性流動(dòng)性、彈塑性、熱穩(wěn)定性和持久附著力。適用于中、輕型交通道路瀝青路面的攤鋪。

Asphalt can be divided into coal tar asphalt, petroleum asphalt, and natural asphalt. It has good water resistance, electrical insulation, fluidity, elasticity, thermal stability, and long-lasting adhesion. Suitable for paving asphalt pavement on medium and light traffic roads.

1，煤焦油瀝青是焦化的副產(chǎn)品，即焦油蒸餾后留在蒸餾釜中的黑色物質(zhì)。它只是在物理性質(zhì)上與精制焦油不同，沒(méi)有明顯的界限。一般劃分方法是規(guī)定軟化點(diǎn)低于26.7℃的焦油（立方體法）和軟化點(diǎn)高于26.7℃的瀝青。煤瀝青主要含有蒽、菲、芘等。這些物質(zhì)有毒。由于這些組分的含量不同，煤瀝青的性能也不同。溫度的變化對(duì)煤瀝青有很大的影響。冬天容易開裂，夏天容易軟化。

1. Coal tar pitch is a byproduct of coking, which is the black substance left in the distillation kettle after tar distillation. It is only different from refined tar in physical properties, without clear boundaries. The general classification method is to specify tar with a softening point below 26.7 ℃ (cubic method) and asphalt with a softening point above 26.7 ℃. Coal tar pitch mainly contains anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, etc. These substances are toxic. Due to the different contents of these components, the performance of coal tar pitch also varies. The change in temperature has a significant impact on coal tar pitch. It is prone to cracking in winter and softening in summer.

2，石油瀝青是原油蒸餾后的殘?jiān)?。根?jù)精煉程度，可在室溫下轉(zhuǎn)化為液體、半固體或固體。石油瀝青是黑色和光澤，具有高溫敏感性。由于在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中蒸餾溫度在400℃以上，其揮發(fā)性成分很少，但仍可能存在未揮發(fā)的高分子碳?xì)浠衔?，?duì)人體健康的危害或多或少。

2. Petroleum asphalt is the residue of crude oil distillation. Depending on the degree of refinement, it can be converted into liquid, semi-solid, or solid at room temperature. Petroleum asphalt is black and glossy, with high temperature sensitivity. Due to the distillation temperature above 400 ℃ during the production process, its volatile components are minimal, but there may still be non-volatile high molecular weight hydrocarbons, which pose varying degrees of harm to human health.

3，天然瀝青儲(chǔ)存在地下，有些形成礦層或堆積在地殼表面。這種瀝青大多經(jīng)過(guò)自然蒸發(fā)和氧化，一般不含明顯毒素。

3. Natural asphalt is stored underground, with some forming mineral layers or accumulating on the surface of the earth's crust. This type of asphalt mostly undergoes natural evaporation and oxidation, and generally does not contain any toxins.

瀝青是煤、木材和其他有機(jī)物干餾所得焦油的再加工產(chǎn)品。項(xiàng)目中使用的大多數(shù)瀝青是石油瀝青，它是復(fù)雜碳?xì)浠衔锛捌浞墙饘傺苌锏幕旌衔铩r青的閃點(diǎn)一般在240℃~330℃之間，燃點(diǎn)比閃點(diǎn)高約3℃~6℃。因此，施工溫度應(yīng)控制在閃點(diǎn)以下。

Asphalt is a reprocessed product of tar obtained from the dry distillation of coal, wood, and other organic matter. Most of the asphalt used in the project is petroleum asphalt, which is a mixture of complex hydrocarbons and their non-metallic derivatives. The flash point of asphalt is generally between 240 ℃ and 330 ℃, and the flash point is about 3 ℃ to 6 ℃ higher than the flash point. Therefore, the construction temperature should be controlled below the flash point.

由不同分子量的碳?xì)浠衔锛捌浞墙饘傺苌锝M成的深棕色復(fù)雜混合物是一種高粘度的有機(jī)液體。瀝青是一種具有防水、防潮、防腐性能的有機(jī)膠凝材料。

A deep brown complex mixture composed of hydrocarbons of different molecular weights and their non-metallic derivatives is a high viscosity organic liquid. Asphalt is an organic cementitious material with waterproof, moisture-proof, and anti-corrosion properties.

在室溫下，道路瀝青是一種黑色發(fā)亮的半固體。加熱后逐漸融化，可溶解在有機(jī)溶劑中。該產(chǎn)品具有良好的流動(dòng)性、熱穩(wěn)定性、持久附著力、彈塑性、電絕緣性和耐水性。適用于中、輕型交通道路瀝青路面的攤鋪。

At room temperature, road asphalt is a black shiny semi-solid. After heating, it gradually melts and can dissolve in organic solvents. This product has good fluidity, thermal stability, long-lasting adhesion, elasticity, electrical insulation, and water resistance. Suitable for paving asphalt pavement on medium and light traffic roads.